Abstract
Bakso ikan adalah suatu produk pangan olahan ikan yang masa simpannya singkat yaitu 12 – 24 jam pada suhu ruang. Pengawet alami dapat menjadi alternatif pengganti pengawet sintetik. Pengawet alami yang sudah banyak digunakan adalah daun dan bunga kecombrang. Penelitian ini menggunakan bubuk dan biji buah kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) sebagai pengawat alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daging dan biji buah kecombrang terhadap kualitas bakso ikan pada suhu ruang selama masa penyimpanan, dan menentukan konsentrasi optimum dalam memperpanjang masa simpan bakso. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial berdasarkan dua faktor yaitu faktor penyimpanan (0-3 hari) dan faktor perlakuan pemberian bubuk daging dan biji buah kecombrang (0-4,5%). Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi optimum pemberian bubuk daging dan biji buah kecombrang dalam memperpanjang masa simpan bakso ikan pada suhu ruang adalah 4,5% yaitu hingga penyimpanan hari ke-2 dengan jumlah total angka lempeng total (4,71 log CFU/g), jumlah S. aureus (0 log CFU/g), kadar air (56,22%), kadar protein (10,82%), total asam tertritrasi (2,73%), pH (6,29), dan tingkat kekenyalan (6,93 mm). Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah bubuk daging dan biji buah dapat digunakan untuk pengawet alami bakso ikan.Potential of Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) Fruit Pulp and Seeds Powder as a Natural Preservative of Fish MeatballsAbstractFish meatball has known as manufactured fish food with a shelf life of 12 to 24 hours at room temperature. Natural preservatives can be a good alternative to synthetic preservatives. The pulp and seeds of the kecombrang fruit (Etlingera elatior) can be utilized as natural preservatives. This study aims to determine the ability of pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang powder to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive), determine the effect of giving pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang on the quality of fish meatballs, and determine the optimum concentration of pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang in extending the shelf life of meatballs. The experimental design used was a Factorial Complete Randomized Design based on two factors: duration of storage (0 to 3 days) and factor concentration of pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang powder (0 to 4.5%). The results show that pulp and fruit seed kecombrang powder can inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. The optimum concentration in extending the shelf life of fish meatballs at room temperature was 4.5% which able to extended the shelf life until 2 days with the total plate count of 4,71 log CFU/g, total S. aureus of 0 log CFU/g, water content of 56.22%, protein content of 10.82%, total irritated acid of 2.73%, pH of 6.29, and springiness of 6.93 mm. As conclusion, pulp and fruit seed kecombrang might be used to extend the shelf life of fish meatball.
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